Introduction Endoscopic spine surgery (ESS) is a minimally invasive surgical technique that
offers comparable efficacy and safety with less collateral damage compared to conventional …

Transforaminal endoscopic spine surgery (T-ESS) has become a well-accepted technique.
The first attempts at percutaneous discectomy by Kambin and Hijikata opened a new …

OBJECTIVE The management of lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) with concurrent scoliosis
and/or spondylolisthesis remains controversial. Full-endoscopic unilateral laminotomy for …

The transforaminal corridor in the lumbar spine allows access to the traversing and exiting
nerve roots, the thecal sac, and the intervertebral disc space. Surgeons performing midline …

Background The incidence of spine surgery in elderly patients is increasing. Geriatric spine
surgery has 3 main concerns: osteoporosis, continuing degeneration and more deformity …

Introduction Spinal endoscopic techniques have recently been applied to complex
degenerative conditions or failed back surgery syndrome. We performed a systematic review …

We discuss the technical details and operative advantages of approaching pathologies from
the contralateral side in cases of asymmetric spinal stenosis. The contralateral approach …

Background Degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS) combined with spinal stenosis is
increasingly being diagnosed in the elderly. However, the appropriate surgical approach …

Objective This study aimed to systematically review the literature for comparative and non-
comparative studies reporting on clinical outcomes of patients with lumbar foraminal …

Study Design A meta-analysis of 89 randomized prospective, prospective, and retrospective
studies on spinal endoscopic surgery outcomes. Objective The study aimed to provide …