In this work we discuss various selected mission concepts addressing Venus evolution
through time. More specifically, we address investigations and payload instrument concepts …

Earth's origins are challenging to elucidate, given the lack of surviving terrestrial geology
from the first 500 Myr of the Solar System. In this Review, we discuss breakthroughs in …

The giant impact hypothesis remains the leading theory for lunar origin. However, current
models struggle to explain the Moon's composition and isotopic similarity with Earth. Here …

The geodynamics of Earth and Venus operate in strikingly distinct ways, in spite of their
similar size and bulk density, resulting in Venus's absence of plate tectonics and young …

1609 AD marked the beginning of the modern scientific exploration of the Moon's crust when
Thomas Harriot and later Galileo Galilei made the first recorded maps of the nearside with …

Close encounters between two bodies in a disc often result in a single orbital deflection.
However, within their Jacobi volumes, where the gravitational forces between the two bodies …

The Moon is traditionally thought to have coalesced from the debris ejected by a giant
impact onto the early Earth. However, such models struggle to explain the similar isotopic …

Planets are expected to conclude their growth through a series of giant impacts: energetic,
global events that significantly alter planetary composition and evolution. Computer models …

The distribution and isotopic composition of volatile elements in planetary materials holds a
key to the characterization of the early solar system and the Moon's formation. The Moon …

A conceptual framework for the origin of the Moon must explain both the chemical and the
mechanical characteristics of the Earth–Moon system to be viable. The classic concept of an …