An outer membrane (OM) is the hallmark feature that is often used to distinguish “Gram-
negative” bacteria. Our understanding of how the OM is built rests largely on studies of …

The envelope demarcates the boundary between bacterial cell and its environment,
providing a place for bacteria to transport nutrients and excrete metabolic waste, while …

The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria is the outermost layer of the cell and
serves as permeability barrier against environmental toxins, including antibiotics. The OM is …

Due to the rising incidence of antibiotic-resistant infections, the last-line antibiotics,
polymyxins, have resurged in the clinics in parallel with new bacterial strategies of escape …

Histidine kinases are key bacterial sensors that recognize diverse environmental stimuli.
While mechanisms of phosphorylation and phosphotransfer by cytoplasmic kinase domains …

Long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) are a tremendous source of energy for several bacteria but
are complex to use because they induce redox stress. We previously showed that LCFA …

The bacterial envelope is a critical barrier that not only shields bacteria from harsh
environments but also serves as a key organizing centre for processes such as metabolism …