Geomagnetically induced current (GIC) has been a significant concern for the electrical
power grid in high latitudes for decades. Its origin starts in the Sun; during extreme space …

The electric field which is induced by geomagnetic storms drives currents in technological
systems, such as electric power transmission grids, oil and gas pipelines …

Abstract Space weather is a popular and important research topic today. Its origin isin the
Sun. Space weather effects extend to the surface of the Earth where theyare usually called …

For studying the auroral electrojet and for examining the effects it can produce in power
systems on the ground, it is useful to be able to calculate the magnetic and electric fields that …

Expressions for the quasi-static range (the measurement distance is much less than a free-
space wavelength) field components produced by infinitesimal dipole antennas located at or …

The method of spherical elementary current systems provides an accurate modelling of the
horizontal component of the geomagnetic variation field. The interpolated magnetic field is …

The electromagnetic field due to ionospheric currents has to be known when evaluating
space weather effects at the earth's surface. Forecasting methods of these effects, which …

We investigate how statistical properties of the rate of change R of the surface horizontal
magnetic field in the United Kingdom differ during substorm expansion and recovery phases …

An “imaged” conductivity section of a layered earth can be obtained by simple
transformation of step-response electromagnetic data measured in the quasi-static zone …

We use several realistic three‐dimensional models of ionospheric currents to calculate
geomagnetically induced currents (GIC) in the Finnish high‐voltage power system. Of …