The signaling principle recommends emphasizing relevant aspects of a multimedia
message by means of signals (eg, color coding). We determined the effectiveness of signals …

Comparing comprehension outcomes in print and digital reading is an active area of
research but little is known about the reading processes that these media entail. This study …

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo realizar una revisión del enfoque cognitivo respecto
de la comprensión de textos multimodales. Partimos de la premisa de que todos los textos …

Multimedia effects in learning receive much attention in research. In contrast, effects of
different picture types in testing materials are hardly studied. The present computer-based …

Test items become easier when a representational picture visualizes the text item stem; this
is referred to as the multimedia effect in testing. To uncover the processes underlying this …

The ubiquity of mobile devices with internet access and social networks has transformed the
way people consume information. Individuals stay connected to platforms for instant …

Printed or digital textbooks contain texts accompanied by various kinds of visualisation.
Successful comprehension of these materials requires integrating verbal and graphical …

Conjoint processing of text and pictures is assumed to possess an inherent asymmetry,
because text and pictures serve fundamentally different but complementary functions …

In this study, eye movement recordings and comprehension tests were used to investigate
children's cognitive processes and comprehension when reading illustrated science texts …

This study used eye movement modeling examples (EMME) to support students' integrative
processing of verbal and graphical information during the reading of an illustrated text …