Since the first robotic exoskeleton was developed in 1960, this research field has attracted
much interest from both the academic and industrial communities resulting in scientific …

Individuals with tetraplegia, typically attributed to spinal cord injuries (SCI) at the cervical
level, experience significant health care costs and loss of independence due to their limited …

The exoskeleton of the upper limb is an external parallel kinematic chain to the human arm.
The device is designed to apply a specific torque of interaction to the human body resulting …

Background Robotic systems combined with Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) showed
promising results on upper-limb motor recovery after stroke, but adequately-sized …

Neurophysiological theories and past studies suggest that intention driven functional
electrical stimulation (FES) could be effective in motor neurorehabilitation. Proportional …

Background: Besides efficacy with regard to workload, subjective evaluation (wearing
comfort and discomfort, and user acceptance) is an important secondary outcome to …

Functional electrical stimulation (FES) to lower extremity (LE) muscles is used by individuals
post-stroke as an alternative to mechanical orthotic devices during gait or as a training …

After complete or partial paralysis due to stroke or spinal cord injury, electrical nerve
stimulation can be used to artificially generate functional muscle contractions. This …

Wearable robotic upper limb orthoses (ULO) are promising tools to assist or enhance the
upper-limb function of their users. While the functionality of these devices has continuously …

Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is a potential neurorehabilitative intervention to
enable functional movements in persons with neurological conditions that cause mobility …