Ocular drug delivery has constantly challenged ophthalmologists and drug delivery
scientists due to various anatomical and physiological barriers. Static and dynamic ocular …

Bacterial membrane vesicles (BMVs) have emerged as novel and promising platforms for
the development of vaccines and immunotherapeutic strategies against infectious and …

Trained immunity is a de facto memory for innate immune responses, leading to long-term
functional reprogramming of innate immune cells. In physiological conditions, trained …

The innate immune system is able to build memory-like features in response to certain
infections or vaccines, resulting in enhanced responsiveness upon (re) challenge with the …

Respiratory infections are common in infants and young children. However, the immune
system develops and matures as the child grows, thus the effects of infection during this time …

Consecutive mRNA vaccinations against SARS-CoV-2 reinforced both innate and adaptive
immune responses. However, it remains unclear whether the enhanced innate immune …

The concept of immunological memory was demonstrated in antiquity when protection
against re-exposure to pathogens was observed during the plague of Athens …

While most of the cancer immunotherapy strategies engage adaptive immunity, especially
tumor-associated T cells, the small fraction of responding patients and types of cancers …

With the growing body of evidence, it is now clear that not only adaptive immune cells but
also innate immune cells can mount a more rapid and potent non-specific immune response …

Allergic diseases typically begin in early life and can impose a heavy burden on children
and their families. Effective preventive measures are currently unavailable but may be …