Adaptive immunity, orchestrated by B-cells and T-cells, plays a crucial role in protecting the
body from pathogenic invaders and can be used as tools to enhance the body's defense …

Herein, we use lessons learned in exercise physiology and metabolism to propose that
augmented lactate production ('lactagenesis'), initiated by gene mutations, is the reason and …

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive malignant primary brain
tumor in adults. Current treatment options typically consist of surgery followed by …

Cancer cells secrete small membranous extracellular vesicles (EVs) into their
microenvironment and circulation. Although their potential as cancer biomarkers has been …

Abstract Since Otto Warburg reported the 'addiction'of cancer cells to fermentative glycolysis,
a metabolic pathway that provides energy and building blocks, thousands of studies have …

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies that is usually detected
late in the clinic. The currently available diagnostic tools for CRC are either invasive or …

CD147 or EMMPRIN is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily in humans. It is widely
expressed in human tumors and plays a central role in the progression of many cancers by …

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive and lethal
cancers, with a five-year survival rate of around 5% to 8%. To date, very few available drugs …

The immunoglobulin superfamily member CD147 plays an important role in fetal, neuronal,
lymphocyte and extracellular matrix development. Here we review the current understanding …

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) comprise a family of 23 zinc-dependent enzymes
involved in various pathologic and physiologic processes. In cancer, MMPs contribute to …