The measurement of pain in animals is surprisingly complex, and remains a critical issue in
veterinary care and biomedical research. Based on the known utility of pain measurement …

Nociception and pain is a large field of both neuroscience and medical research. Over time,
various tests and models were developed in rodents to provide tools for fundamental and …

The primary objective of preclinical pain research is to improve the treatment of pain.
Decades of research using pain-evoked tests has revealed much about mechanisms but …

Chronic pain is a maladaptive neurological disease that remains a major health problem. A
deepening of our knowledge on mechanisms that cause pain is a prerequisite to developing …

The persistence of increased excitability and spontaneous activity in injured peripheral
neurons is imperative for the development and persistence of many forms of neuropathic …

Pain models in animals have shown low predictivity for analgesic efficacy in humans, and
clinical studies are often very confounded, blurring the evaluation. Human experimental pain …

Intractable neuropathic pain is a frequent consequence of nerve injury or disease. When
peripheral nerves are injured, damaged axons undergo Wallerian degeneration. Schwann …

Positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) of the mu-opioid receptor (MOR) have been
hypothesized as potentially safer analgesics than traditional opioid drugs. This is based on …

Almost all G‐protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are regulated by phosphorylation and this
process is a key event in determining the signalling properties of this receptor super‐family …

AIM OF THE STUDY: This present study was carried out to evaluate the anti-inflammatory
and analgesic effects of 85% ethanol extract (EE) of Commiphora myrrha and its different …