Flagellar and translocation-associated type III secretion (T3S) systems are present in most
Gram-negative plant-and animal-pathogenic bacteria and are often essential for bacterial …

The assembly of large and complex organelles, such as the bacterial flagellum, poses the
formidable problem of coupling temporal gene expression to specific stages of the organelle …

For construction of the bacterial flagellum, which is responsible for bacterial motility, the
flagellar type III export apparatus utilizes both ATP and proton motive force across the …

Flagellar type III protein export is highly organized and well controlled in a timely manner by
dynamic, specific and cooperative interactions among components of the export apparatus …

Flagellar gene networks are fascinating, owing to their complexity—they usually coordinate
the expression of more than 40 genes—and particular wiring that elicits temporal expression …

Type III secretion machinery (TTSM), composed of a needle, a basal body, and a C-ring
compartment, delivers a subset of effectors into host cells. Here, we show that Shigella …

Salmonella flagellar hook length is controlled at the level of export substrate specificity of the
FlhB component of the type III flagellar export apparatus. FliK is believed to be the hook …

The mechanism of length control of the flagellar hook is under debate between two theories.
One claims that the FliK directly measures the hook length as a molecular ruler, while the …

The bacterial flagellum is supramolecular motility machinery consisting of the basal body,
the hook and the filament. Flagellar proteins are translocated across the cytoplasmic …

The bacterial flagellum is a complex self-assembling nanomachine that contains its own
type III protein export apparatus. Upon completion of early flagellar structure, this apparatus …