Proppants have evolved from their primary role of preventing fracture closure to performing
technically functional roles within reservoirs. This paper presents an extensive review of …

Billions of tons of quarried material are globally produced per annum, generating siliceous
solid cutting and powder waste which are usually disposed of in landfill sites. Herein, two …

Much work has been done on hydraulic-fracturing as a well stimulation technique but our
understanding of formation damage due to fracturing is limited. This is due to inherent …

Hydraulic fracture conductivity (wfkf) is a critical parameter in completion design of horizontal
shale wells. Field evidence and laboratory investigations suggest that these fractures could …

Coring experiments show that nanopores are extensively distributed in shale oil reservoirs
and tend to be deformed when a significant pressure variation exists, and thus the dynamic …

It is widely recognized that hydraulic fracturing creates a region of altered permeability near
the fracture/matrix interface. Although we have a limited understanding, it is believed this …

Producing gas oil ratio trends in hydraulically-fractured shale oil wells are different than the
trends in conventional oil wells. One peculiar behavior is that the ratio stays flat for an …

Fractures are primary flow channels of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs; thus, hydraulic
fracturing is widely used to promote the productivity of unconventional formations. Hydraulic …

Unconventional reservoirs exhibit ultra-low matrix permeability, typically in the order of nano-
Darcies. To produce hydrocarbons from these reservoirs economically, hydraulically …

The complex fracture network generated from hydraulic fracturing is of great importance for
well productivity in unconventional reservoirs. However, numerous natural or induced …