Influenza virus is a major human pathogen that causes epidemics and pandemics with
increased morbidity and, especially in the elderly and those with pre-existing medical …

The “Spanish” influenza pandemic of 1918–19 caused acute illness in 25–30 percent of the
world's population and resulted in the death of up to an estimated 40 million people. Using …

Reverse transcriptase loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) is a unique gene
amplification method that can be completed within 35min at 62.5° C. In the present study, RT …

We analyzed the evolution of H9 influenza viruses isolated from Korean chicken farms from
2002 to 2004. Korean H9 viruses formed two antigenically distinct groups: those isolated …

Recently, great speculation about a possible influenza pandemic has been made. However,
the facts supporting the possibility of this threat are less discussed. During the last decade …

Occasional transmission of highly pathogenic avian H5N1 influenza viruses to humans
causes severe pneumonia with high mortality. To better understand the mechanisms via …

Severe hemorrhage at multiple organs is frequently observed in chickens infected with
highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A viruses. In this study we examined whether HPAI …

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses of subtype H5N1 have spread since late
2003 in East and Southeast Asia. In April 2005, a large-scale outbreak of H5N1 infection that …

Our previous studies have illustrated three strains of duck-origin H5N1 highly pathogenic
avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) had varying levels of pathogenicity in ducks (Sun et al …

As avian influenza A (H5N1) viruses continue to circulate in Asia and Africa, global concerns
of an imminent pandemic persist. Recent experimental studies suggest that efficient …