Very often, we're uncertain about what we ought, morally, to do. We don't know how to weigh
the interests of animals against humans, or how strong our duties are to improve the lives of …

Lara Buchak sets out an original account of the principles that govern rational decision-
making in the face of risk. A distinctive feature of these decisions is that individuals are …

But what do these statements mean? This may be understood as a metaphysical question
about what kinds of things are probabilities, or more generally as a question about what …

Martin Smith explores a question central to philosophy--namely, what does it take for a belief
to be justified or rational? According to a widespread view, whether one has justification for …

This chapter explores the topic of imprecise probabilities (IP) as it relates to model
validation. IP is a family of formal methods that aim to provide a better representation of …

How should we reason in science? Jan Sprenger and Stephan Hartmann offer a refreshing
take on classical topics in philosophy of science, using a single key concept to explain and …

Decision theory is concerned with the reasoning underlying an agent's choices, whether this
is a mundane choice between taking the bus or getting a taxi, or a more far-reaching choice …

After an introductory section, this article will focus on four questions: How should the Kyoto
School be defined? What is meant by its central philosophical concept of “absolute …

This original account of the role of philosophy and methodology in political science gets
back to the basics of studying politics. Cutting through long-standing controversies across …

Sometimes epistemologists theorize about belief, a tripartite attitude on which one can
believe, withhold belief, or disbelieve a proposition. In other cases, epistemologists theorize …