Measuring and understanding personality in animals is a rising scientific field. Much
research has been conducted to assess distinctive individual differences in behavior in a …

Simple Summary Scientific interest in animal welfare was initially driven by popular
emotional, ethics and political concerns. It has now become an important societal question …

There is evidence that more than 47% of the sports horse population in normal work may be
lame, but the lameness is not recognized by owners or trainers. An alternative means of …

Pain management is dependent on the quality of the pain evaluation. Ideally, pain
evaluation is objective, pain‐specific and easily incorporated into a busy equine clinic. This …

Simple Summary Equine assisted interventions (EAIs) represent an emerging field of animal
assisted interventions (AAIs), employing horses in a wide variety of activities with humans …

Simple Summary Horses are mainly housed in individual boxes. This housing system is
reported to be highly detrimental with regard to welfare and could trigger the expression of …

Although husbandry conditions for horses have improved over the last decades, many
horses are still kept singly with limited or no physical contact to other horses. This is …

The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis response to chronic stress is far from straight
forward, particularly with regards to animal welfare. There are reports of no effect as well as …

Humans have a long history of relationship with domestic animals and nowadays pets often
act as" social substitutes" through bonding. There is some evidence that pet presence at …

Simple Summary Pain and discomfort behavior in horses tends to be especially subtle, and
not readily or widely appreciated even by equine professionals, including many long-time …