The widespread antigenic changes lead to the emergence of a new type of coronavirus
(CoV) called as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2 that is immunologically …

Seasonal influenza vaccines lack efficacy against drifted or pandemic influenza strains.
Developing improved vaccines that elicit broader immunity remains a public health priority …

Seasonal influenza viruses constantly change through antigenic drift and the emergence of
pandemic influenza viruses through antigenic shift is unpredictable. Conventional influenza …

Currently, licensed seasonal influenza vaccines display variable vaccine effectiveness, and
there remains a need for novel vaccine platforms capable of inducing broader responses …

Broadly neutralizing antibodies that target epitopes of haemagglutinin on the influenza virus
have the potential to provide near universal protection against influenza virus infection …

Seasonal influenza viruses cause recurring global epidemics by continually evolving to
escape host immunity. The viral constraints and host immune responses that limit and drive …

Influenza viruses are respiratory pathogens of public health concern worldwide with up to
650,000 deaths occurring each year. Seasonal influenza virus vaccines are employed to …

Current yearly seasonal influenza vaccines primarily induce an antibody response directed
against the immunodominant but continually diversifying hemagglutinin (HA) head region …

Influenza A virus is one of the most important zoonotic pathogens that can cause severe
symptoms and has the potential to cause high number of deaths and great economic loss …

Humans are repeatedly exposed to variants of influenza virus throughout their lifetime. As a
result, preexisting influenza-specific memory B cells can dominate the response after …