The mammalian visual system encodes information over a remarkable breadth of
spatiotemporal scales and light intensities. This performance originates with its complement …

Light around twilight provides the primary entrainment signal for circadian rhythms. Here we
review the mechanisms and responses of the mouse and human circadian systems to light …

Light exerts widespread effects on physiology and behaviour. As well as the widely-
appreciated role of light in vision, light also plays a critical role in many non-visual …

Circadian rhythms are essential for the survival of all organisms, enabling them to predict
daily changes in the environment and time their behaviour appropriately. The molecular …

An important factor in reducing variability in mouse test outcomes has been to develop
assays that can be used for continuous automated home cage assessment. Our experience …

Melanopsin is a visual pigment that is expressed in a small subset of intrinsically
photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs). It is involved in regulating non-image forming …

Melanopsin ganglion cells have defied convention since their discovery almost 20 years
ago. In the years following, many types of these intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion …

In mammals, melanopsin-expressing retinal ganglion cells (mRGCs) are, among other
things, involved in several non-image-forming visual functions, including light entrainment of …

Many aspects of human physiology and behavior display rhythmicity with a period of
approximately 24 h. Rhythmic changes are controlled by an endogenous time keeper, the …

Over the past two decades there have been significant advances in our understanding of
both the anatomy and function of the melanopsin system. It has become clear that rather …