The cryosphere (including, snow, glaciers, permafrost, lake and river ice) is an integral
element of high mountain regions, which are home to roughly 10% of the global population …

We synthesize the current understanding of glacier activity on Svalbard from the end of the
Late Pleistocene (12,000 yrs. before present) to the end of the Little Ice Age (c. 1920 AD) …

Since the first estimates of Svalbard-wide glacier mass balance were made in the early
2000s, there has been great progress in remote sensing and modeling of mass balance …

This chapter assesses the state of physical, biological and social knowledge concerning the
Arctic and Antarctic ocean and cryosphere, how they are affected by climate change, and …

We present the first general theory of glacier surging that includes both temperate and
polythermal glacier surges, based on coupled mass and enthalpy budgets. Enthalpy (in the …

Compared to other Arctic ice masses, Svalbard glaciers are low-elevated with flat interior
accumulation areas, resulting in a marked peak in their current hypsometry (area-elevation …

Although many convincing, diverse, and sometimes competing models of glacier surging
have been proposed, the observed behavior of surging glaciers does not fit into distinct …

It is commonly asserted that there are two distinct classes of glacier surges: slow, long-
duration 'Svalbard-type'surges, triggered by a transition from cold-to warm-based conditions …

The Norwegian Arctic archipelago of Svalbard is located in the most rapidly warming area of
the Arctic, at the interface of Arctic and Atlantic air and ocean masses. The presence of a …

Tidewater glaciers on the east coast of Svalbard were examined for surface elevation
changes and retreat rate. An archival digital elevation model (DEM) from 1970 (generated …