Maternal immune activation (MIA) in response to a viral infection during early and mid-
gestation has been linked through various epidemiological studies to a higher risk for the …

Stressors ranging from psychogenic/social to neurogenic/injury to systemic/microbial can
impact microglial inflammatory processes, but less is known regarding their effects on …

Schizophrenia is a grave neuropsychiatric disease which frequently onsets between the end
of adolescence and the beginning of adulthood. It is characterized by a variety of …

Stress is an important risk factor for modern chronic diseases, with distinct influences in
males and females. The sex specificity of the mammalian stress response contributes to the …

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a debilitating mental illness, and it is considered to be
one of the leading causes of disability globally. The etiology of MDD is multifactorial …

Anatomical, electrophysiological and behavioral studies in rodents have shown that the
thalamic midline nucleus reuniens (RE) is a crucial link in the communication between …

During the postnatal period, the brain is highly sensitive to stress and inflammation, which
are hazardous to normal growth and development. There is increasing evidence that …

Microglia, the innate immune effector cells of the mammalian central nervous system (CNS),
are involved in the development, homeostasis, and pathology of CNS. Microglia become …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of the COVID-
19 pandemic. Though the virus primarily damages the respiratory and cardiovascular …

Chronic alcoholism has become a major public health problem. Long-term and excessive
drinking can lead to a variety of diseases. Chronic ethanol exposure can induce …