The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex and ever-changing “rogue organ”
composed of its own blood supply, lymphatic and nervous systems, stroma, immune cells …

As angiogenesis was recognized as a core hallmark of cancer growth and survival, several
strategies have been implemented to target the tumour vasculature. Yet to date, attempts …

Angiogenesis, the sprouting of new blood vessels from existing vessels, is one of six known
mechanisms employed by solid tumors to recruit blood vessels necessary for their initiation …

Single-agent immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been tested in patients with
advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), leading to objective response rates of 15-20 …

Cancer immunotherapy has significantly flourished and revolutionized the limited
conventional tumor therapies, on account of its good safety and long-term memory ability …

Solid tumors are complex organ-like structures that consist not only of tumor cells but also of
vasculature, extracellular matrix (ECM), stromal, and immune cells. Often, this tumor …

Immune checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized medical oncology, although currently only
a subset of patients has a response to such treatment. A compelling body of evidence …

Anti-angiogenic therapy is an old method to fight cancer that aims to abolish the nutrient and
oxygen supply to the tumor cells through the decrease of the vascular network and the …

Immunotherapy has emerged as a major therapeutic modality in oncology. Currently,
however, the majority of patients with cancer do not derive benefit from these treatments …

Background Angiogenesis is a key and early step in tumorigenesis, and is known as a
hallmark of solid tumors and a key promoter of tumor recurrence. Unlike normal tissue …