Due to the rapid development of portable, wearable and implantable electronics in the fields
of mobile communications, biomonitoring, and aerospace or defense, there is an increasing …

In recent years, the field of micro-and nanochannel fabrication has seen significant
advancements driven by the need for precision in biomedical, environmental, and industrial …

Electrochemical discharge machining (ECDM) is an emerging technique for machining of
micro-channels on non-conductive materials. It utilizes a combination of chemical as well as …

Abstract Poly-methyl-methacrylate (PMMA) microchannel based devices are gaining
popularity, particularly in medical applications. Experiments were carried out on a PMMA …

In this paper, a nanosecond laser processing method with the support of light-absorption
auxiliary materials was developed to fabricate anti-fogging super-hydrophilic microstructures …

Fabrication of high-resolution 3D structures with laser radiation on the surface of brittle
materials has always been a challenging task. Even with femtosecond laser machining …

Nanosecond pulsed laser micromachining (PLM) under liquid confinement is a highly
precise, flexible, efficient, and non-contact manufacturing process being used in widespread …

In micro-machining or micro-manufacturing, the accuracy of micro-feature size is a primary
concern. It is possible to realize the exact sizes, but most of the time, undersize or oversize …

During micromachining the accuracy of micro-feature is always a major concern. Using laser
beam micro-milling (LBMM) the produced size is generally larger than the input design size …

Laser micro-milling process (LMMP) is one of the competent machining processes to
fabricate micro-features in a wide range of materials. This paper presents the results of an …