Abstract Background and Objectives To determine whether cognitive reserve (CR) as
measured by verbal intelligence quotient, educational length, and achievement protects …

Objective We investigated whether cognitive reserve measured by education and premorbid
IQ allows amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients to compensate for regional brain volume …

In previous studies, a below-average, average, or above-average intelligence quotient (IQ)
in children with SMA was detected but, aside from a severe physical disability, the cognitive …

The cognitive functioning of individuals with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is not well
understood, prompting a call for more research to better grasp cognitive involvement in …

Objective Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by
the degeneration of motor neurons in the spinal cord. It remains uncertain whether the …

Introduction Older children and adults with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) have been shown
to have more anxiety, depression, and other behavioral problems in a few studies. But no …

Background Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a genetic neuromuscular disease caused by
mutations of the SMN1 gene. Deficient SMN protein causes irreversible degeneration of …

Objective Fatigue is a common and burdensome symptom of spinal muscular atrophy. Given
its complex interactions, different dimensions of fatigue need to be investigated. The …

Objective Behavioral impairment occurs in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and ALS–
fronto‐temporal dementia (ALS‐FTD). It has been proposed that ALS patients without FTD …

Cognition and communication in patients with spinal muscular atrophy: A systematic review:
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