Recent advances in molecular programming of liquid crystal elastomers with additive manufacturing for 4D printing

Y Wang, J An, H Lee - Molecular Systems Design & Engineering, 2022 - pubs.rsc.org
Liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) are crosslinked polymers within which liquid crystal
molecules are linked with elastomeric polymer chains. Various anisotropic materials …

Active flows and deformable surfaces in development

SC Al-Izzi, RG Morris - Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology, 2021 - Elsevier
We review progress in active hydrodynamic descriptions of flowing media on curved and
deformable manifolds: the state-of-the-art in continuum descriptions of single-layers of …

A generalized geometric mechanics theory for multi-curve-fold origami: vertex constrained universal configurations

Z Wen, P Lv, F Feng, H Duan - Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of …, 2024 - Elsevier
Folding paper along curves leads to spatial structures that have curved surfaces meeting at
spatial creases, defined as curve-fold origami. In this work, we provide an Eulerian …

Arbitrary curvature programming of thermo-active liquid crystal elastomer via topology optimization

W Li, XS Zhang - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and …, 2023 - Elsevier
Plants can change their morphology upon environmental variations such as temperature.
Inspired by plants' morphological adaptability, we present a computational inverse design …

Discontinuous metric programming in liquid crystalline elastomers

TS Hebner, RGA Bowman, D Duffy… - … Applied Materials & …, 2023 - ACS Publications
Liquid crystalline elastomers (LCEs) are shape-changing materials that exhibit large
deformations in response to applied stimuli. Local control of the orientation of LCEs spatially …

Multi-functional topology optimization of Victoria cruziana veins

HK Zhang, J Zhou, W Fang, H Zhao… - Journal of the …, 2022 - royalsocietypublishing.org
The growth and development of biological tissues and organs strongly depend on the
requirements of their multiple functions. Plant veins yield efficient nutrient transport and …

Shape morphing of planar liquid crystal elastomers

D Castro, H Aharoni - Physical review letters, 2023 - APS
We consider planar liquid crystal elastomers: two-dimensional objects made of anisotropic
responsive materials that remain flat when stimulated, however change their planar shape …

Highly tunable actuation and mechanical properties of 4D-printed nematic liquid crystal elastomers

Z Siddiqui, J Smay, A Azoug - Mechanics of Materials, 2022 - Elsevier
Liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) are smart elastomers capable of a reversible shape
change triggered by a stimulus such as heat or light. This change in shape is programmed …

Geometry, mechanics and actuation of intrinsically curved folds

F Feng, K Dradrach, M Zmyślony, M Barnes, JS Biggins - Soft Matter, 2024 - pubs.rsc.org
We combine theory and experiments to explore the kinematics and actuation of intrinsically
curved folds (ICFs) in otherwise developable shells. Unlike origami folds, ICFs are not …

Multiple shapes from a single nematic elastomer sheet activated via patterned illumination

A Giudici, A Clement, DL Duffy, MR Shankar… - Europhysics …, 2022 - iopscience.iop.org
Liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) undergo a large uniaxial contraction upon thermal or
optical stimulation. LCE sheets are often fabricated with a spatially patterned direction of …