In this work, we first present the theory of Heisenberg ferromagnetic model of directional
velocity magnetic flows of particles with the help of the quasi-frame in ordinary space …

In this paper, we define the Bishop frame of a null Cartan curve in Minkowski space-time 𝔼 1
4. We obtain the Bishop's frame equations of a null Cartan curve which lies in the timelike …

We give, with its sample, a new type of canal surface constructed by means of the parallel
transport frame of its spine curve in Euclidean 4-space 4 IE. We investigate the curvature …

In this paper, we handle the Gauss map of a tubular surface which is constructed according
to the parallel transport frame of its spine curve. We show that there is no tubular surface …

In this paper, we deal with a tubular surface in Euclidean 4-space E 4. We study this surface
with respect to its Gauss map. We show that there is not any tubular surface having …

In this paper, we introduce Bishop frame of a partially null curve α in Minkowski space-time
E41. We prove that such curve has three Bishop frames determined by the particular …

Focal surfaces are special cases of line congruences. With the aid of the definiton of a focal
surface of a given surface M, we obtain a new type of focal surface in Galilean 3-space G_3 …

In this paper, we introduce Bishop frame of a partially null curve α in Minkowski space-time
E41. We prove that such curve has three Bishop frames determined by the particular …

In this paper, we define generalized Bishop frame of a null Cartan curve in Minkowski 3-
space by using its Bishop's frame vector fields. We obtain the Cartan equations according to …

In this manuscript, we handle a tubular surface whose Gauss map G satisfies the equality L
1 G= f (G+ C) for the Cheng-Yau operator L 1 in Galilean 3-space 𝔾 3. We give an example …