T cells are crucial for immune functions to maintain health and prevent disease. T cell
development occurs in a stepwise process in the thymus and mainly generates CD4+ and …

In recent years, the understanding of regulatory T cell (Treg cell) biology has expanded
considerably. Key observations have challenged the traditional definition of Treg cells and …

Periodontitis is an infection-driven inflammatory disease, which is characterized by gingival
inflammation and bone loss. Periodontitis is associated with various systemic diseases …

In recent years, a lot of scientific interest has focused on cancer immunotherapy. Although
chronic inflammation has been described as one of the hallmarks of cancer, acute …

CD4+ effector T cells (Teff cells) and regulatory T cells (Treg cells) undergo metabolic
reprogramming to support proliferation and immunological function. Although signaling via …

Cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment landscape in medical oncology, but
its efficacy has been variable across patients. Biomarkers to predict such differential …

T cells are the central mediators of both humoral and cellular adaptive immune responses.
Highly specific receptor-mediated clonal selection and expansion of T cells assure antigen …

CD4+ T helper cells are a central element of the adaptive immune system. They protect the
organism against a wide range of pathogens and are able to initiate and control many …

There is a growing awareness that gut commensal metabolites play a major role in host
physiology and indeed the pathophysiology of several illnesses. The composition of the …

The gut is able to maintain tolerance to microbial and food antigens. The intestine minimizes
the number of harmful bacteria by shaping the microbiota through a symbiotic relationship …