Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPDs) are episodes of
symptom worsening 1 that have significant adverse consequences for patients. 2 The …

Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG) are composed of unbranched, negatively charged
heparan sulfate (HS) polysaccharides attached to a variety of cell surface or extracellular …

Members of the Picornaviridae family are non-enveloped, positive-stranded RNA viruses
with a 30nm icosahedral capsid. This virus family exhibits a considerable amount of genetic …

Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are episodes of worsening
of symptoms, leading to substantial morbidity and mortality. COPD exacerbations are …

Objective Patients with COPD are at risk for cardiovascular events. This is attributed to
increased systemic inflammation. The course of COPD is punctuated by exacerbations …

The effects of respiratory viral infection on the time course of chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD) exacerbation were examined by monitoring changes in systemic …

Treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations improves
outcomes; however, responses to treatment are variable, and patients with COPD often …

Background/Objective The use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) is rapidly increasing in
the United States, especially among young people since e-cigarettes have been perceived …

Background: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are prone to
frequent exacerbations which are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Stable …

Despite current regulations, which limit the levels of certain air pollutants, there are still a
number of adverse health effects that result from exposure to these agents. Numerous …