Indonesia is the world's largest palm oil producing country. The oil palm industry (plantation
and milling) generates large amounts of solid waste in the form of empty fruit bunches (EFB) …

In response to the imperative for sustainable iron production with reduced CO2 emissions,
this study delves into the intricate role of TiO2 in the direct reduction of iron oxide pellets …

The waste heat recovery of oxidized pellets after roasting has emerged as a potential energy
saving application in the iron and steel industry. Cooling and prereduction of the oxidized …

The application of renewable and clean resources to replace fossil resources such as coal
and coke in ironmaking is one of the most important ways for iron and steel companies to …

Direct reduction of iron ore in hydrogen (25% H2/N2) between 450–1050° C and
subsequent room temperature reoxidation of the reduced iron in air was systematically …

In the present day, we have reached close to an optimum condition of CO 2 emission when
using coal or coke for iron making process. Carbon neutrality is achieved during …

To facilitate the clean production and sustainable development of metallurgical processes,
the hydrogen direct reduction processes have been applied to significantly reduce carbon …

Non-contact direct reduction (NDR) is an alternative technique in iron and steelmaking.
Direct reduced iron production (DRI) uses it. To further harness the metallurgical and …

Abstract Direct Reduction Iron (DRI) of a natural hematite (Khumani Iron Ore, KIO), by
lignocellulosic biomass (Mischantus Giganteous, MIS), has been carried out in a …

Background During iron production ferric oxide is reduced to iron, with carbon used as the
reducing agent. Traditionally, coke was used as the carbon component, which became a …