In addition to the roles of endothelial cells (ECs) in physiological processes, ECs actively
participate in both innate and adaptive immune responses. We previously reported that, in …

Perivascular inflammation is a prominent pathologic feature in most animal models of
pulmonary hypertension (PH) as well as in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) patients …

Objectives High‐mobility group box‐1 (HMGB1) and aberrant mitochondrial fission
mediated by excessive activation of GTPase dynamin‐related protein 1 (Drp1) have been …

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a chronic and fatal disease, for which new therapeutic
drugs and approaches are needed urgently. Baicalein and baicalin, the active compounds …

Pathogen‐associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) are some nonspecific and highly
conserved molecular structures of exogenous specific microbial pathogens, whose products …

Hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) is a complicated vascular disorder characterized by
diverse mechanisms that lead to elevated blood pressure in pulmonary circulation. Recent …

Background HMGB1 and ER stress have been considered to participate in the progression
of pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH). However, the molecular mechanism underlying …

The family of resistin-like molecules (RELMs) consists of four members in rodents
(RELMα/FIZZ1/HIMF, RELMβ/FIZZ2, Resistin/FIZZ3, and RELMγ/FIZZ4) and two members in …

Hypertension is a multifactorial disorder that involves complex genetic and environmental
factors. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are important components of blood vessels …

COPD is a heterogeneous disease with multiple clinical phenotypes. COPD endotypes can
be determined by different expressions of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), which, in …