The microbiome, the collection of microbial species at a site or compartment, has been an
underappreciated realm of human health up until the last decade. Mounting evidence …

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is an enigmatic polymicrobial condition characterized by a
depletion of health-associated Lactobacillus and an overgrowth of anaerobes. Importantly …

Background Exogenous sex steroids within hormonal contraception and menopausal
hormone therapy (MHT) have been used for family planning and management of …

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a highly prevalent condition that is associated with adverse
health outcomes. It has been proposed that BV's role as a pathogenic condition is mediated …

Young women in sub-Saharan Africa are disproportionally affected by HIV infection and
unintended pregnancies. However, hormonal contraceptive (HC) use may influence HIV risk …

Women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) often have a history of infertility and poor
pregnancy outcome. The character of the lower genital tract (LGT) microbiome of these …

Effective contraceptives are a global health imperative for reproductive-aged women.
However, there remains a lack of rigorous data regarding the effects of contraceptive options …

Emerging evidence suggests that host-microbe interaction in the cervicovaginal
microenvironment contributes to cervical carcinogenesis, yet dissecting these complex …

Adolescent girls bear a disproportionate burden of both the HIV epidemic and unintended
pregnancies; yet important questions remain unanswered regarding the effects of hormonal …

Globally, most Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV) transmission occurs through
vaginal–penile sex (heterosexual transmission). The local immune environment at the site of …