Importance Achalasia significantly affects patients' quality of life and can be difficult to
diagnose and treat. Objective To review the diagnosis and management of achalasia, with a …

Hypercontractile esophagus (HE) is a heterogeneous major motility disorder diagnosed
when≥ 20% hypercontractile peristaltic sequences (distal contractile integral> 8,000 mm …

Abstract In the Chicago Classification version 4.0 (CCv4), esophagogastric junction outflow
obstruction (EGJOO) is manometrically defined as an elevated median integrated relaxation …

Background The use of high-resolution manometry (HRM) to diagnose oesophageal motility
disorders is based on ten single water swallows (SWS); however, this approach might not be …

High-resolution manometry (HRM) is the primary method used to evaluate esophageal
motor function. Displayed and interpreted by esophageal pressure topography (EPT) …

Background Esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction (EGJOO) is an esophageal
motility diagnosis associated with a myriad of conditions. The frequency of EGJOO attributed …

Background Previous studies have demonstrated that 50% of patients with normal high‐
resolution manometry (HRM) findings or ineffective esophageal motility (IEM) may have …

Abstract Background and Aim Esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction (EGJOO) may
be due to anatomical abnormalities, but it is unclear how to evaluate them after high …

Symptoms of heartburn and dysphagia as well as objective findings of abnormal
esophageal acid exposure and esophageal dysmotility are common in patients with …

Abstract Purpose of Review This review presents an overview of the diagnostic approach to
esophageal dysphagia and summarizes recent epidemiological trends and technical …