Robust temporal and spatial patterns of cell types emerge in the course of normal
development in multicellular organisms. The onset of degenerative diseases may result from …

Cell plasticity or potency is necessary for the formation of multiple cell types. The
mechanisms underlying this plasticity are largely unknown. Preimplantation mouse embryos …

Purpose: We put forward a theoretical and dynamical approach for the semi-quantitative
analysis of CD4+ T cell differentiation, the process by which cells with different functions are …

CD4+ T cells orchestrate the adaptive immune response in vertebrates. While both
experimental and modeling work has been conducted to understand the molecular genetic …

In Arabidopsis thaliana, multiple genes involved in shoot apical meristem (SAM) transitions
have been characterized, but the mechanisms required for the dynamic attainment of …

Modularity is a widespread property in biological systems. It implies that interactions occur
mainly within groups of system elements. A modular arrangement facilitates adjustment of …

Irreversibility, in which a transient perturbation leaves a system in a new state, is an
emergent property in systems of interacting entities. This property has well-established …

Post-embryonic plant development is characterized by a period of vegetative growth during
which a combination of intrinsic and extrinsic signals triggers the transition to the …

The molecular events leading to differentiation, development, and plasticity of lymphoid cells
have been subject of intense research due to their key roles in multiple pathologies, such as …

This expansion of the hierarchy theory of evolution provides a new perspective in which
biological phenomena are conceptualized. In this work, we (1) attempt to revise the ontology …