Multiple ice age cycles spanning the last three million years have fundamentally transformed
the Arctic landscape. The cadence, intensity and pattern of this glacial modification underpin …

Global sedimentary hiatuses are well-documented in ancient pelagic sediment, and include
Paleocene, Eocene-Oligocene boundary, and Miocene hiatuses. Less clear is the extent of …

There is a temporal correlation between the peak activity of the North Atlantic Igneous
Province (NAIP) and the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), suggesting that the …

Unravelling past, large-scale ocean circulation patterns is crucial for deciphering the long-
term global paleoclimate. Here we apply numerical modelling to reconstruct the detailed …

The nature of glaciation (bipolar vs. unipolar) during the Eocene–Oligocene transition (EOT)
remains unresolved. Here, we report the occurrence of frost marks, ice-rafted debris (IRD) …

Paleogeographic maps play a central integrating role across all the disciplines of the Earth
System Sciences. They increasingly serve as boundary conditions for climate, earth, and life …

Mountains become warmer with elevation in response to greenhouse gas warming, an effect
known as elevation-dependent warming. The Eocene is considered a replica of the future …

Deep-time paleogeographic maps can be constructed on plate tectonic models that utilize
mantle or paleomagnetic reference frames. Different reference frames result in divergence in …

How plate tectonics may affect full-depth ocean/sea circulation is not well understood. We
used seismic data plus drilling/core and geomorphologic data to examine the influence of …

A major step in the long-term Cenozoic evolution toward a glacially driven climate occurred
at the Eocene–Oligocene transition (EOT),∼ 34.44 to 33.65 million years ago (Ma) …