Urdu is a complex language as it is an amalgam of many South Asian and East Asian
languages; hence, its character recognition is a huge and difficult task. It is a bidirectional …

Motivation: The problem of handwritten text recognition is vastly studied since last few
decades. Many innovative ideas have been developed, where state-of-the-art accuracy is …

Handwritten Identification is an ability of the computer to receive and translate the intelligible
handwritten text into machine-editable text. It is classified into two types based on the way …