Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are important for tissue homeostasis and for the initiation of
immune responses. Based on their transcriptional regulation and cytokine profiles, ILCs can …

For over 35 years since Mosmann and Coffman proposed the seminal “type 1 T helper
(Th1)/type 2 T helper (Th2)” hypothesis in 1986, the immunological community has …

Tissue-resident innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) help sustain barrier function and respond to
local signals. ILCs are traditionally classified as ILC1, ILC2 or ILC3 on the basis of their …

Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are critical mediators of mucosal immunity, and group 1 ILCs
(ILC1 cells) and group 3 ILCs (ILC3 cells) have been shown to be functionally plastic. Here …

Forkhead box protein 3-expressing (FOXP3+) regulatory T cells (Treg cells) suppress
conventional T cells and are essential for immunological tolerance. FOXP3, the master …

A fundamental question in developmental immunology is how bipotential thymocyte
precursors generate both CD4+ helper and CD8+ cytotoxic T cell lineages. The MHC …

Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2 cells) are important for type 2 immune responses and
are activated by the epithelial cytokines interleukin 33 (IL-33), IL-25 and thymic stromal …

Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are generated early during ontogeny and persist predominantly
as tissue-resident cells. Here, we examined how ILCs are maintained and renewed within …

Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are important for mucosal immunity. The intestine harbors all
ILC subsets, but how these cells are balanced to achieve immune homeostasis and mount …

The type 2 immune response is critical for host defense against large parasites such as
helminths. On the other hand, dysregulation of the type 2 immune response may cause …