Recent global temperature reconstructions for the current interglacial period (the Holocene,
beginning 11,700 years ago) have generated contrasting trends. This Review examines …

Overexploitation of fossil fuels for energy production has impacted the globe tremendously
in terms of warming and other environmental issues which is a grave issue of anxiety. An …

The Caucasus region is key for understanding early human dispersal and evolution in
Eurasia, and characterizing the environmental contrast between Last Glacial Maximum and …

Since the 19th century, the study of shell middens has played an important role in
archaeological research. Shell midden and broader coastal archaeology have transformed …

Abstract The 4.2-kiloyear event has been described as a global megadrought that
transformed multiple Bronze Age complex societies, including the Indus Civilization, located …

Classic Maya populations living in peri-urban states were highly dependent on seasonally
distributed rainfall for reliable surplus crop yields. Despite intense study of the potential …

Speleothem fluorescence can provide insights into past vegetation dynamics and stalagmite
chronology. However, its origin and especially the formation of fluorescent laminations in …

Thermal performance within predator–prey systems may have profound effects on species
interactions under climate change. However, how the thermal response of predators and …

The distribution of brGDGT lipids produced by soil bacteria has been used to reconstruct
temperatures in marine and terrestrial settings as far back as the Cretaceous period …

Geological records of seasonal sea surface temperature (SST) records are useful for better
understanding the past dynamics of coastal upwelling, and for inferring future scenarios. By …