This review examines how the sympathetic nervous system plays a major role in the
regulation of cardiovascular function over multiple time scales. This is achieved through …

Heat stress increases human morbidity and mortality compared to normothermic conditions.
Many occupations, disease states, as well as stages of life are especially vulnerable to the …

Exercise in the heat can pose a severe challenge to human cardiovascular control, and thus
the provision of oxygen to exercising muscles and vital organs, because of enhanced …

Heat stress, whether passive (ie exposure to elevated environmental temperatures) or via
exercise, results in pronounced cardiovascular adjustments that are necessary for adequate …

For decades it was believed that direct and indirect heating (the latter of which elevates
blood and core temperatures without directly heating the area being evaluated) increases …

Sleep deprivation has been linked to hypertension, and recent evidence suggests that
associations between short sleep duration and hypertension are stronger in women. In the …

Humans control their core temperature within a narrow range via precise adjustments of the
autonomic nervous system. In response to changing core and/or skin temperature, several …

The sensitivity of baroreflex control of sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) represents the
responsiveness of SNA to changes in blood pressure. In a slightly different analysis, the …

Recent animal studies indicate that insulin increases arterial baroreflex control of lumbar
sympathetic nerve activity; however, the extent to which these findings can be extrapolated …

Passive heat stress reduces arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure () as reflected by 3 to 5
Torr reductions in end‐tidal carbon dioxide tension (). Heat stress also reduces …