Cytokines play a crucial role in the structure and function of blood vessels in hypertension.
Hypertension damages blood vessels by mechanisms linked to shear forces, activation of …

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality,
significantly driven by chronic inflammation. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) …

COVID-19 is characterized by pronounced hypercytokinemia. The cytokine switch, marked
by an imbalance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, emerged as a …

Sterile inflammation has been increasingly recognized as a hallmark of non-infectious
kidney diseases. Induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines in injured kidney tissue promotes …

TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-alpha), and IFN-γ (interferon-gamma) predict the development
of hypertension. REGARDS (Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke) is a …

BACKGROUND: Chronic atrophy gastritis (CAG) is a high-risk pre-cancerous lesion for
gastric cancer (GC). The early and accurate detection and discrimination of CAG from …

Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is a significant complication in patients with
type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), closely linked to disease duration, microvascular …