The dynamic light environment of vegetation canopies is perceived by phytochromes,
cryptochromes, phototropins, and UV RESISTANCE LOCUS 8 (UVR8). These receptors …

Major strides have been made over the past decade in elucidating the mechanisms that
mediate shade-avoidance responses. The canonical PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING …

Phytohormones regulate numerous important biological processes in plant development
and biotic/abiotic stress response cascades. More than 50 and 100 years have passed since …

When exposed to changes in the light environment caused by neighboring vegetation,
shade-avoiding plants modify their growth and/or developmental patterns to access more …

Light signaling and phytohormones both influence plant growth, development, and stress
responses; however, cross talk between these two signaling pathways in response to cold …

At high vegetation density, shade-intolerant plants sense a reduction in the red (660 nm) to
far-red (730 nm) light ratio (R/FR) in addition to a general reduction in light intensity. These …

Shade tolerance is an ecological concept used in a wide range of disciplines, from plant
physiology to landscaping or gardening. It refers to the strategy of some plants to persist and …

In response to neighbor proximity, plants increase the growth of specific organs (eg,
hypocotyls) to enhance access to sunlight. Shade enhances the activity of Phytochrome …

Plant architecture is optimized for the local light environment. In response to foliar shade or
neighbor proximity (low red to far-red light), some plant species exhibit shade-avoiding …

Low red light/far-red light ratio (R: FR) serves as an indicator of impending competition and
has been demonstrated to suppress branch development. The regulation of Arabidopsis …