Objectives To perform a review on the influence of preheating and/or heating of resinous
and ionomeric materials on their physical and mechanical properties and to discuss the …

Objective This study investigated viscosity and thermal kinetics of 10 selected preheated
restorative resin composites and the effect of ultrasound energy on film thickness. Methods A …

Aim Clinicians may become quite familiar with the rapid transformation of composite pastes
to rigid solids, as a routine phenomenon in operative dentistry. But they may still lack …

Objective To investigate the influence of pre-heating different classes of dental resin
composites on viscosity and stickiness at five different temperatures. Methods Six flowable …

Detection of unreacted monomers from pre-heated resin-based dental composites (RBC) is
not a well-investigated topic so far. The objectives were to determine the temperature …

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of conventional, sonic or pre-heating
insertion techniques on internal void formation of bulk-fill composites with micro-computed …

The aim of this study was to fabricate and characterize dental composites containing
hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HApNPs). Four dental composites were produced from the …

Objective: To compare the effects of conventional (hand-placed), sonic, or preheated
insertion techniques on the internal adaptation of bulk-fill resin composites. Methods and …

Objective To evaluate the effects of pre-heating time and exposure duration on the degree of
conversion (DC), maximum rate of polymerization (RP max), polymerization shrinkage strain …

This study evaluated microleakage from class II cavities filled with bulk-fill composite
preheated to different temperatures, applied at different thicknesses, and with different …