Several interconnected human, animal and environmental habitats can contribute to the
emergence, evolution and spread of antibiotic resistance, and the health of these contiguous …

Global health security and universal health coverage have been frequently considered as
“two sides of the same coin”. Yet, greater analysis is required as to whether and where these …

The rising importance of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to the global health agenda is
associated with a growing number of parties voicing their concern about the issue. With …

National public health institutes (NPHIs)—science-based governmental agencies typically
part of, or closely aligned with, ministries of health—have played a critical part in many …

Background Influenza pandemics are perennial global health security threats, with novel
and seasonal influenza affecting a large proportion of the world's population, causing …

The response to the Covid‐19 pandemic in 2020–21 was dominated by the Westphalian
primacy of national territory and sovereignty, significantly worsening and prolonging this …

A new paradigm of emergency R&D has transformed global health. Beginning with the 2014–
2016 Ebola virus disease epidemic in West Africa, experimental product development has …

Brazil's Zika virus crisis (2015–17), following hot on the heels of the Ebola outbreak (2014–
15), dominated newsfeeds and high-level discussions amid governments, the UN system …

The benefits of local production of pharmaceuticals in Africa for local access to medicines
and to effective treatment remain contested. There is scepticism among health systems …

The COVID-19 epidemic is the latest evidence of critical gaps in our collective ability to
monitor country-level preparedness for health emergencies. The global frameworks that …