The growing demand for electrical energy and the impact of global warming leads to a
paradigm shift in the power sector. This has led to the increased usage of renewable energy …

The critical review presented here exclusively covers the studies on battery thermal
management systems (BTMSs), which utilize heat pipes of different structural designs and …

The successful application of oil-immersed transformers inspires the thought about the
feasibility of the transformer oil on developing an oil-immersed battery thermal management …

In this article, analysis of average Nusselt number (Nu avg), which indicates the heat
removal from the battery pack cooled by flowing fluid is carried out considering coupled heat …

Thermal management of heat-generating battery packs involve many operating parameters
affecting its performance, efficiency, and maintenance. Heat generation (Q gen), conductivity …

The study investigates the heat transfer performance of nanofluids in liquid cooling for
cylindrical battery modules. Two types of NFs, CuO/EG-water and Al 2 O 3/EG-water, were …

The concept of immersion cooling has been proposed and validated via several numerical
studies in recent years, while systematical experimental studies and corresponding …

Direct contact liquid cooling has demonstrated superior cooling capacity and heat exchange
efficiency in battery thermal management when compared to alternative methods. This …

The focus of this work is to computationally obtain an optimized neural network (NN) model
to predict battery average Nusselt number (Nuavg) data using four activations functions. The …

In order to reduce the maximum temperature and improve the temperature uniformity of the
battery module, a battery module composed of sixteen 38120-type lithium-ion batteries is …