Progress has been made in our understanding of the mechanisms of endoplasmic reticulum
(ER) proteostasis, ER stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR), as well as ER stress …

It is increasingly apparent that not only is a cure for the current worldwide diabetes epidemic
required, but also for its major complications, affecting both small and large blood vessels …

In patients with diabetes, atherosclerosis is the main reason for impaired life expectancy,
and diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy are the largest contributors to end-stage renal …

Diabetic kidney disease, a leading cause of end-stage renal disease, has become a serious
public health problem worldwide and lacks effective therapies. Autophagy is a highly …

C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), known also as DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 and
as growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein 153 (GADD153), is induced in …

It is important to find better treatments for diabetic nephropathy (DN), a debilitating renal
complication. Targeting early features of DN, including renal extracellular matrix …

Eukaryotic cells contain an elegant protein quality control system that is crucial in
maintaining cellular homeostasis; however, dysfunction of this system results in …

In vitro hypoxic preconditioning (HP) of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could ameliorate
their viability and tissue repair capabilities after transplantation into the injured tissue …

Persistently elevated oxidative stress and inflammation precede or occur during the
development of type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus and precipitate devastating complications …

Synthesis of transmembrane and secretory proteins occurs within the endoplasmic reticulum
(ER) and is extremely important in the normal functioning of both the heart and kidney. The …