How did Iraq become one of the most repressive dictatorships of the late twentieth century?
The conventional wisdom about Iraq's modern political history is that the country was …

This article examines the potential for Shiʿa clerics to engage in religious peacebuilding in
post-2003 Iraq. By drawing upon theoretical insights from other post-conflict settings and …

This book is the fruit of twenty years' reflection on Islamic charities, both in practical terms
and as a key to understand the crisis in contemporary Islam. On the one hand Islam is …

This book presents the first comprehensive survey of the multiple versions of Islam
propagated across geographical, political, and cultural boundaries during the era of modern …

The prospect of a united Muslim world has long inspired both dreams and fears. Many
Muslims regard the pan-Islamic community, the umma, as the embodiment of the spiritual …

Iran has steadily expanded its strategic influence across the Middle East in large part due to
its cultivation of a network of foreign co-religionist militant clients. Those clients have …

Based on first-hand ethnographic insights into Shi'i religious groups in the Middle East and
Europe, this book examines women's resistance to state as well as communal and gender …

With the US invasion of Iraq, Iraqis abroad, hoping to return one day to a better Iraq, became
uncertain exiles. Return to Ruin tells the human story of this exile in the context of decades …

Abstract Academic scholarship on Shia Muslim minorities in the West has described them as
'a minority within a minority'(Sachedina 1994: 3) or as 'the other within the other'(Takim …

The modern state of Lebanon, created after the fall of the Ottoman Empire, is home to
eighteen officially recognised different religious communities (or sects). Crucially, political …