In flames, turbulence can either limit or enhance combustion efficiency by means of strain
and mixing. The interactions between turbulent motions and chemistry are crucial to the …

The application of hydrogen-rich gas in the pulverized coal injection technology represents
a precious solution to mitigate carbon emissions. In this research, a three-dimensional …

An in-depth exploration of the kinetic behaviors of the raceway can provide practical insights
for optimizing blast furnace (BF) operations. In this study, the transport phenomena and …

Harris hawks optimizer (HHO) is a new meta-heuristic optimization algorithm, which is
inspired by the cooperative behavior and chasing style of Harris hawks in nature. However …

The utilization of industrial organic waste instead of coal by high temperature gasification to
produce syngas is a promising way to reduce carbon emissions. The distinct property of …

In the raceway of blast furnace, the coke attrition would cause the blockage of the nearby
area. Small particles move to the deadman and gather, which affects the smoothness of gas …

The tuyere, an integral component of a blast furnace, plays a vital role in conveying energy
and ensuring stable furnace operation. Given the tuyere's exposure to a complex working …

This work presents a new, internally resolved, Lagrangian particle model fully implemented
into the open-source CFD toolbox OpenFOAM®. This model is applied to study the suitability …