In this study, simple analysis, numerical simulations and verified experiments are conducted
to investigate the smoke backlayering length in inclined tunnel fires under natural …

Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) have been considered an option for the future zero-
emission transport sector. However, there are some safety concerns about FCVs in restricted …

Moving fires have been paid great attention by researchers in recent years, while the
behavior of this special combustion phenomenon has not been fully investigated. In this …

Limited by the narrow space of the tunnel, fire has become one of the important factors
threatening the safe operation of subway especially the fire on a moving vehicle …

Hydrogen, as a clean fuel, offers a practical pathway to achieve net-zero targets. However,
due to its physical and chemical characteristics, there are some safety concerns for large …

With the development of China's subways to the urban area, the construction and interval
length had been continuously increasing, revealing the fire smoke spread characteristic in …

The exploitation and utilization of urban underground space effectively contribute to the
sustainable development of society. Tunnel fire safety is necessary to ensure normal …

Scenario models of a moving subway train can help investigate the influence of different fire
locations on smoke propagation characteristics in curved tunnels. To this end, this study …

This research explores the impact of slope on fire hazards in train carriages with multiple
lateral openings in underground tunnel fires. Utilizing FDS software, a comprehensive full …

In the case of fires in inclined immersed tunnels, smoke flow patterns differ from those of
horizontal tunnels, and require a unique approach to lateral centralized smoke exhaust. In …