The American Urological Association Nephrolithiasis Clinical Guideline Panel was
established in 1991. Since that time, the Panel has developed three guidelines on the …

The most important recent advances in the management of ureteral calculi have been the
development of medical expulsive therapy to facilitate passage of ureteral stones, such that …

A number of factors must be considered in determining the optimal treatment for patients
with renal or ureteral calculi. These factors may be grouped into four broad categories: stone …

Purpose: To assess the safety and efficacy of antegrade percutaneous nephrolithotomy
(PCNL) of large impacted proximal-ureteral calculi. Patients and Methods: Between July …

OBJECTIVES: To conduct a prospective randomized study comparing both techniques for
the management of solitary radio-opaque upper ureteral stones< 2 cm in diameter. The ideal …

Purpose: We compared the safety and efficacy of percutaneous antegrade ureterolithotripsy
with retrograde ureterolithotripsy for large impacted proximal ureter stones in a prospective …

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) was first described in 1976, 1 just a few years before
the introduction of shockwave lithotripsy (SWL). The strong initial interest in PCNL, however …

Aim: The aim of this study is to compare and to evaluate the outcome and complications of
two main treatment procedures for impacted proximal ureteral calculi, retrograde …

Methods: In total, 86 patients with large impacted upper ureteral stones were included in this
study. Of these patients 41 underwent UL and 45 underwent PCNL. The inclusion criteria …