This paper reviews research traditions of vulnerability to environmental change and the
challenges for present vulnerability research in integrating with the domains of resilience …

Abstract Sub-Saharan Africa has been portrayed as the most vulnerable region to the
impacts of global climate change because of its reliance on agriculture which is highly …

Satellite remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) have revolutionalized the
mapping, quantifying, and assessing the land surface processes, particularly analyzing the …

The reasons for concern framework communicates scientific understanding about risks in
relation to varying levels of climate change. The framework, now a cornerstone of the IPCC …

Climate change is widely recognized as a major risk to societies and natural ecosystems but
the high end of the risk, ie, where risks become existential, is poorly framed, defined, and …

Scientists describe the scale of the risks from unmanaged climate change as potentially
immense. However, the scientific models, because they omit key factors that are hard to …

The historic Paris Agreement calls for limiting global temperature rise to “well below 2° C.”
Because of uncertainties in emission scenarios, climate, and carbon cycle feedback, we …

I review the literature on the economic impacts of climate change, an externality that is
unprecedentedly large, complex, and uncertain. Only 14 estimates of the total damage cost …

By Nicholas Stern* quickly as possible, because policy decisions are both urgent and
moving quickly—particularly following the recent United Nations Framework Convention on …

The urban heat island (UHI) is a phenomenon whereby temperature levels in urban areas
are higher than in surrounding rural settings. Urban heat islands are a matter of increasing …