Objective To characterise the time course of changes in haemoglobin mass (Hbmass) in
response to altitude exposure. Methods This meta-analysis uses raw data from 17 studies …

The athlete biological passport (ABP) was recently implemented in anti-doping work and is
based on the individual and longitudinal monitoring of haematological or urine markers …

Aim of the study was to determine the influence of classic altitude training on hemoglobin
mass (Hb-mass) in elite swimmers under the following aspects:(1) normal oscillation of Hb …

Despite the limited research on the effects of altitude (or hypoxic) training interventions on
team-sport performance, players from all around the world engaged in these sports are now …

It is classically thought that increases in hemoglobin mass (Hbmass) take several weeks to
develop upon ascent to high altitude and are lost gradually following descent. However, the …

We compared changes in performance and total haemoglobin mass (tHb) of elite swimmers
in the weeks following either Classic or Live High: Train Low (LHTL) altitude training. Twenty …

This statement comes from the analysis of nine selected studies4–12 on the relationship
between group mean pre-LHTL value of Hbmass and increase in Hbmass after LHTL. 3 The …

Abstract Live High: Train Low (LHTL) altitude training is a popular ergogenic aid amongst
athletes. An alternative hypoxia protocol, acute (60-90 min daily) Intermittent Hypoxic …

Objectives The optimal strategy for soccer teams playing at altitude is not known, that is,'fly-
in, fly-out'versus short-term acclimatisation. Here, we document changes in blood gas and …

Frequently updated anti‐doping regulations and detection strategies for banned substances
and methods of doping are vital for efficient and scientifically substantiated abatement of …