Many cellular processes require large-scale rearrangements of chromatin structure.
Structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) protein complexes are molecular machines …

Mammalian chromosomes are organized at different length scales within the cell nucleus.
Topologically Associating Domains (TADs) are structural units of 3D genome organization …

Polycomb group proteins have a critical role in silencing transcription during development. It
is commonly proposed that Polycomb-dependent changes in genome folding, which …

From proteins to chromosomes, polymers fold into specific conformations that control their
biological function. Polymer folding has long been studied with equilibrium thermodynamics …

Cohesin folds the genome in dynamic chromatin loops and holds the sister chromatids
together. NIPBL Scc2 is currently considered the cohesin loader, a role that may need …

Understanding the mechanisms governing the structure and dynamics of flexible polymers
like chromosomes, especially the signatures of motor-driven active processes, is of great …

The organisation of the genome in nuclear space is an important frontier of biology.
Chromosome conformation capture methods such as Hi-C and Micro-C produce genome …

Highlights•Cohesin loop extrusion is the key mechanism of 3D genome organization in
interphase of vertebrates.•Models of loop extrusion infer locations and dynamics of cohesin …

The active loop extrusion hypothesis proposes that chromatin threads through the cohesin
protein complex into progressively larger loops until reaching specific boundary elements …

Genome-wide chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) has revealed the organization of
chromatin into topologically associating domains (TADs) and loops, which are thought to …