Microglia are brain resident macrophages originated from primitive progenitor cells in the
yolk sac. Microglia can be activated within hours and recruited to the lesion site …

Astrocytes sense changes in neural activity and extracellular space composition. In
response, they exert homeostatic mechanisms critical for maintaining neural circuit function …

Astrocytes are the most abundant cell type within the central nervous system. They play
essential roles in maintaining normal brain function, as they are a critical structural and …

The mechanisms by which astrocytes modulate neural homeostasis, synaptic plasticity, and
memory are still poorly explored. Astrocytes form large intercellular networks by gap junction …

Synapses are essential components of neurons and allow information to travel coordinately
throughout the nervous system to adjust behavior to environmental stimuli and to control …

Astrocytes participate in all essential CNS functions, including blood flow regulation, energy
metabolism, ion and water homeostasis, immune defence, neurotransmission, and adult …

Parenchymal microglia are the principal immune cells of the brain. Time-lapse two-photon
imaging of GFP-labeled microglia demonstrates that the fine termini of microglial processes …

Dynamic aspects of interactions between astrocytes, neurons and the vasculature have
recently been in the neuroscience spotlight. It has emerged that not only neurons but also …

Ischemic stroke (IS) is one of the most fatal diseases. Neuroimmunity, inflammation, and
oxidative stress play important roles in various complex mechanisms of IS. In particular, the …

Astrocytes, members of the glial family, interact through the exchange of soluble factors or by
directly contacting neurons and other brain cells, such as microglia and endothelial cells …