Two> 130-meter-diameter impact craters formed on Mars during the later half of 2021. These
are the two largest fresh impact craters discovered by the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter …

Water ice in the Martian mid‐latitudes has advanced and retreated in response to variations
in the planet's orbit, obliquity, and climate. A 150 m‐diameter new impact crater near 35° N …

Seismic observations of impacts on Mars indicate a higher impact flux than previously
measured. Using six confirmed seismic impact detections near the NASA InSight lander and …

One-third of Mars' surface has shallow-buried H2O, but it is currently too cold for use by life.
Proposals to warm Mars using greenhouse gases require a large mass of ingredients that …

Massive reservoirs of subsurface water ice in equilibrium with atmospheric water vapor are
found poleward of 45° latitude on Mars. The absence of CO2 frost on steep pole‐facing …

The possible presence of brines on Mars adds an intriguing dimension to the exploration of
Martian environments. Their potential involvement in the formation of recurring slope lineae …

Abstract Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO), with its arrival in 2006 and nearly continuous
operation since, has provided data for the study of martian polar processes spanning nine …

This chapter explains the rationale for considering shallowly buried (0 to> 5 m depth) water
ice in the mid-latitudes of Mars as a resource to support future human missions, and …

Energy sustainability and redundancy for surface habitats, life support systems and scientific
instrumentation represent one of the highest-priority issues for future crewed missions to …

We present a catalog of new impacts on Mars. These craters formed in the last few decades,
constrained with repeat orbital imaging. Crater diameters range from 58 m down to< 1 m. For …